Table of Contents
RESTful APIs must be hypertext-driven. JAX-RS currently offers UriBuilder to simplify URI creation but Jersey adds an additional annotation-based alternative that is described here.
Links are added to representations using the @Ref
annotation on
entity class fields. The Jersey runtime is responsible for injecting the appropriate URI
into the field prior to serialization by a message body writer. E.g. consider the
following resource and entity classes:
@Path("widgets") public class WidgetsResource { @GET public Widgets get() { return new Widgets(); } } public class Widgets { @Ref(resource=WidgetsResource.class) URI u; }
After a call to WidgetsResource#get
, the Jersey runtime will inject
the value "/context/widgets"[1] into the returned Widgets
instance. If an absolute URI is
desired instead of an absolute path then the annotation can be changed to
@Ref(resource=WidgetsResource.class, style=ABSOLUTE)
.
The above usage works nicely when there's already a URI template on a class that you
want to reuse. If there's no such template available then you can use a literal value
instead of a reference. E.g. the following is equivalent to the earlier example:
@Ref(value="widgets", style=ABSOLUTE)
.
Referenced or literal templates may contain parameters. Two forms of parameters are supported:
URI template parameters, e.g. widgets/{id}
where
{id}
represents a variable part of the URI.
EL expressions, e.g. widgets/${instance.id}
where
${instance.id}
is an EL expression.
Parameter values can be extracted from three implicit beans:
instance
Represents the instance of the class that contains the annotated field.
entity
Represents the entity class instance returned by the resource method.
resource
Represents the resource class instance that returned the entity.
By default URI template parameter values are extracted from the implicit
instance
bean, i.e. the following two annotations are
equivalent:
@Ref("widgets/{id}") @Ref("widgets/${instance.id}")
The source for URI template parameter values can be changed using the
@Binding
annotation, E.g. the following two annotations are
equivalent:
@Ref(value="widgets/{id}", bindings={ @Binding(name="id" value="${resource.id}"} ) @Ref("widgets/${resource.id}")
Link value injection can be made conditional by use of the
condition
property. The value of this property is a boolean EL
expression and a link will only be injected if the condition expression evaluates to
true. E.g.:
@Ref(value="widgets/${instance.id}/offers", condition="${instance.offers}") URI offers;
In the above, a URI will only be injected into the offers
field if
the offers
property of the instance is true
.
HTTP Link
headers can also be added to responses using annotations. Instead of
annotating the fields of an entity class with @Ref
, you instead
annotate the entity class itself with @Link
. E.g.:
@Link( value=@Ref("widgets/${resource.nextId}"), rel="next" )
The above would insert a HTTP Link header into any response whose entity was thus
annotated. The @Link
annotation contains properties that map to the
parameters of the HTTP Link header. The above specifies the link relation as
next
. All properties of the @Ref
annotation
may be used as described above.
Multiple link headers can be added by use of the @Links
annotation
which can contain multiple @Link
annotations.
Declarative hyperlinking support is provided in the form of a filter. First, the application
must declare a dependency on the jersey-server-linking
module:
<dependency> <groupId>com.sun.jersey</groupId> <artifactId>jersey-server-linking</artifactId> <version>${jersey-version}</version> </dependency>
Second the filter needs to be installed in the application either programmatically by adding:
com.sun.jersey.server.linking.LinkFilter
to the list defined by:
com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerResponseFilters
or using a web.xml
init parameter:
<init-param> <param-name>com.sun.jersey.spi.container.ContainerResponseFilters</param-name> <param-value>com.sun.jersey.server.linking.LinkFilter</param-value> </init-param>
See the jersey-server-linking-sample for more details.